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1951
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°æ±âµµ ¹ß¾È¿¡¼ Ãâ»ý. º»ÀûÀº
¼¿ï.
1963
. ¼¿ï û°èÃʵîÇб³ Á¹¾÷, ´ë±¤ÁßÇб³ ÀÔÇÐ.
1969
. ´ë±¤°íµîÇб³Á¹¾÷.¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³ ±¹¾î±¹¹®Çаú ÀÔÇÐ.
1973
. ¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³ ±¹¹®Çаú Á¹¾÷. ¿¬¼¼´ë ´ëÇпø ±¹¹®Çаú
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1975
. ¿¬¼¼´ë ´ëÇпø ±¹¹®Çаú Á¹¾÷(¹®Çм®»ç). ¹æÀ§º´À¸·Î
±ºº¹¹«.
1976
. ¿¬¼¼´ë ´ëÇпø ±¹¹®Çаú ¹Ú»ç°úÁ¤ ÀÔÇÐ.
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1978³â±îÁö ¿¬¼¼´ë,°¿ø´ë,ÇѾç´ë µî ½Ã°£°»ç
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1977
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ÀÇÇØ Ãßõ µÇ¾î
¹®´Ü¿¡ µ¥ºß.
1979
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Á¶±³¼ö·Î ½ÂÁø.
1980
. ó³à½ÃÁý `±¤¸¶Áý(ÎÊØ©ó¢)'À» ½É»ó»ç¿¡¼ Ãâ°£.
1983
. ¿¬¼¼´ë ´ëÇпø¿¡¼ `À±µ¿ÁÖ ¿¬±¸'·Î ¹®Çйڻç
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1984
. ¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³ ±¹¹®Çаú Á¶±³¼ö·Î ÃëÀÓ.1988³â ºÎ±³¼ö·Î
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1985
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Æò¹Î»ç¿¡¼ Ãâ°£.
1986
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1987
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ÃâÆÇ»ç¿¡¼
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1989
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1990
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1991
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1992
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`¿·Á¶ó Âü±ú'¸¦ ÇาÃâÆÇ»ç¿¡¼ Ãâ°£.
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12¿ù
28ÀÏ, 1½É¿¡¼ ¡¿ª 8¿ù¿¡ ÁýÇàÀ¯¿¹ 2³â ÆÇ°á ¹ÞÀ½.
1993
. 2¿ù 28ÀÏ,¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³¿¡¼ Á÷ÀÇÇØÁ¦µÊ.
1994
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µî 70¿©Á¡ Ãâǰ.
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13ÀÏ, 'ÁÙ°Å¿î »ç¶ó' »ç°Ç2½É¿¡¼ Ç×¼Ò ±â°¢ ÆÇ°á
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1995
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1996
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1997
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½Í´Ù.
(Prof.
ma Kwang-soo claims the freedom of discourse
of sex )
The
Open Discussion about Sex isn't
the freedom of speech applicable to the discussion
about sex ?
Formerly,
the big family was universal. In a big family,
the correlation of parents with their sons and
daughters was more important than that of father
with mother, according to M.Foucalt's explanation.
( M. Foucalt says that relation between father
and mother is a sex relation and relation between
parents and their children is a tie which is
kept by morality and law. )But
these days, a two generation family is much
more universal than a big family. Generally,
the members of the two generation family consist
of a father, mother, one son and one daughter.
This means that the sex relation is much more
important than a tie in comparison with previous
days. In this regard, we can say that this age
is the sexual age.In
Korea, this age is one of confusion of sexual
morailty. We can easily see this confusion.
Married women prostitute themselves for momey
and pleasure. Love hotels in gig cities increase
day by day. The debauchery of the wife as well
as that of the husband is on the increase, too.
Sexual attacks on a girls in kindergarten and
schools have been made by their teachers. In
this situation, the government recently announced
that they would control overexposure. And the
magazine house which carried shin Yun-pok's
gaudy landscape printing was prosecuted.Professor
Ma Kwang-soo who was restrained on account of
'Pleasant Sara' predicted that 'SEX' would be
one of the most important cultural factors in
Korea.In
a word, his opinion has been that there must
be open discussion about sex. We Koreans have
dual way of thinking about sex, he said. The
one sided way of thought is the confucian patriarchal
principle and the other side is preference to
sex, which is easily confirmed by the increasing
numbers of live hotels, and improper use of
medicine.Prof.
Ma Kwang-soo recognizes that there are various
opinions in Korean society. It is natural that
some are conservative and others are progressive.
And under the freedom of expression, there should
be free exchange of opinions. He compressed
these thoughts into 'Liberalism' and 'Pluralism'.But
the goverment and the conservatives would not
acknowledge his ideas and they restrained him
in relation to 'Pleasant Sara.'As
previously stated, they want to control the
people'scolthes and freedom of expression .
(they have tried to enact laws to control the
PC communication.)Contrary
to the goverment's wishes, sex crime increases
day by day, and more and more couples are getting
divorced. Prof. Ma Kwang-soo thinks that we
can overcome these problems only through the
open discussion of sex and to do away with the
dual way of thinking about sex, especially in
the case of men.In
Korea, man's double standard on sex is based
on the confucian patriarchal principle. He says
that under the confucian family system, marriage
itself demands the sacrifice of woman.The
rapid increase in debauchery of woman as well
as that of men makes us feel a sense of crisis
about family. From this standpoint, he thinks
that marriage should not be essential but by
choice. In Western society, we can see other
types of marriage, such as simply living together
or contract marriage. If the present-day tendencies
of marriage in Korea go on, living together
or contract marriage will appear before long
according to him.Prof.
Ma was born into a low class family. and he
grew up under a mother who had no religion.
These things made him free from already established
convention.On
the basis of this freedom, he expressed his
opinion about sex in the shape of 'Pleasant
Sara' and tried to take out sex from a dark
place into the light. But the government and
the conservative try to restrict freedom of
expression under the name of preservation of
the traditional ethics of an age when the class
system existed.Though
the conservatives try to keep what they call
traditional ethics, confusion in sexual morality
is more and amore widespread. Prof. Ma thinks
that censorship and control can not settle the
problem fundamentally, but only conceal it.
A lot of confusion in connection with 'SEX'
makes this fct evident.Under
pluralism which has recognized that there are
various opinions, a freedom in which one can
express one's opinion without restriction is
urgent in Korea, he said. The problems in relation
to 'SEX' can not be an exception.The
society in which the opinion of a part of the
people becomes the opinion of whole people and
supresses other's freedom of expression is a
fearful society.'SEX'
which is more and more widespread in the dark
should be taken out into the open discussion
stage. And Professor Ma Kwang-soo has been playing
an important role in opening up discussion.To
suppress 'open discussion about 'SEX' in the
name of anxiety about sex crimes, is not justified.
BY
CHOI YOUNG-PYO, CUB-REPORTER
KONKUKBULLETINDECEMBER
1996 (KONKUK UNIVERSITY PRESS )
INTERNATIONAL
HERALD TRIBUNE, FRIDAY, APRIL 2, 1993 Korea's
Lonely Master of Erotica By
David Tracey
SEOUL
- Professor Ma Kwang-Soo doesn't want to talk
about the crime that recently put him in jail
for two months. He worries that any more controversy
will only rile the government, or perhaps cost
him his job at the prestigious Yonsei University
in Seoul. But he will agree to an interview
if we limit the talk to his writing. Trouble
is, they're the same thing."My
first long novel was 'Ennui' in 1990,"
he begins, speaking in Korean through an interpreter.
"It's about a man with a fetish for long
fingernails. In all of my books there's something
about long fingernails. I don't know why, but
I've never been able to find a novel in any
world literature that includes a fingernail
fetish. Anyway, this fetishist poet meets a
woman with long fingermails and they have a
fantastic night of sex play. It's written in
the first-person stream-of-consciousness style.""I
got a lot of enemies because of 'I Like Loose
Women.'" he said, "but it also helped
change Korean society. Traditionally in Korea
the sol is more important than the body, patience
is more important than pleasure. People came
to recognize that pursuit of pleasure is not
a sin."The
government didn't agree, and warned Ma to tone
down. But "Let's Go to the Rose inn,"
his book of poems featuring fetishes, voyeurism,
sadomasochism and more, started another controversy
in 1989. A movie version collapsed in progress
when the producer decided it would never get
past the censors."People
thought the title was an invitation to go to
a cheap inn to have sex or adultery," Ma
explained, "but that's not what I wrote.
I srote that in a society with so many social
restrictions you need a place to hide. The rose
Inn is the hiding place of love."All
the fuss about sex prevents Ma's books from
being reviewed on literary grounds, he says
sadly. Modern literature in south Korea, he
feels, is boring partly because the critics
are conservative and preachy. "It the same
time that they highly praise writers like D.H.
L. Lawrence
and Allen Ginsberg, they say it's too early
for the same type of things to be written here.
They just toady up to the West."Among
his other publications are scholarly books,
including one on symbolic poetics that he says
led to his most recent and most controversial
novel. "Delightful Sara," about a
college coed's sexual experiments with various
men, was ordered out of the bookstores last
year and Ma was arrested. His imprisonment gave
South Korea the rare distinction of being a
democracy in the 1990s that will look up a writer
for fiction.Ma
says the book simply described modern reality,
but was criticized because "Korean people
still want to think of their daughters as pure
virgins." He also says the government is
hypocritical : "If I had written about
the free sex of a college man I wouldn't have
been in trouble."The
arrest let Ma know who his friends weren't.
Other than students, very few in the writing
community, including journalists, stood up for
him.What
support he does receive comes in small measures,
sometimes with qualifications. "We need
a person like Professor Ma," said the schoolteacher
Kim Soon-Im, while three of her 15-year-old
students listened in. "He's an important
step toward making a free country. the problem
is he goes too far when he writes that everything
we do is because of sexual instincts."
And feminists continue to criticize his failure
to support their anti-pornography campaigns
(he suggests they make their own pornography
to exploit men).Ma,
now 42, cuts a lonely figure. Heads turn when
he walks down the street; he can hear his name
in whispers as he walks away. He's divorced,
and he admits that this may contribute "a
little" to his belief that undying spiritual
love is a mental deception that is no match
for physical attraction.For
now he is lying low, but unhappily. "It's
very depressing to think that I may not be able
to write any more. But I can't go to jailagain,
my body is too weak for that. these days I've
lost all interest, so I'm not writing a thing.
It's sad. Our country is supposedly becoming
international and democratic, and them this
happens. If they can suppress culture, they
can suppress anything."Ma
would like to have some of his writing translated
into english, wondering aloud whether poetry
sells in the United States. "No? Maybe
'Ennui'then." In any event, exile is not
an option."I'm
too old for that. I could never learn English
now. And besides, I'm too old for that.I could
never learn English now. and besides, I'm really
a patriot. I write these things for Korea, not
because I hate Korea."David
Tracey is a free-lance writer living in Japan.
MA
KWANG-SOO
I
DON'T LIKE SUMMER
As
I was born skinny, I hate summer. My thin body
cannot stand summer heat at all. But, a more
basic reason is that I have no way of concealing
my body in summer. I manage to wrap myself in
bulky clothes in winter, but, in summer, I cannot
do it. If I could afford an air conditioner,
I would not even mind dressing up every day
and night. But, in reality, one small electric
fan is the only thing that I have with which
to survive all the unbearable scorching heat
of summer. thus I have no choice of clothing
but must expose all my miserable bony structure
in my thin casual outfil. There is nothing at
all that I can do about my skinny body. I simply
had to give up in desperation.This
is why summer is a lonely season to me. Fall
is often called lonesome, but it is not to me.
In fall and winter, I can wear plenty of clothes
and look a bit stout in bulky clothes, and can
embrace my girlfriend warmly. But, in summer,
I do not have enough confidence to hug at all.There
used to be a popular song titled 'Love comes
and goes with the season'. The song talks about
what really happened to by love stories. The
song says, 'I met her in winter. And she will
leave me in summer'. This is what I really have
experienced. Many of the girlfriends whom I
met in winter have left me in summer. I may
have looked strong enough to depend on in an
big thick winter coat. But, in summer, I had
to expose my skinny body which shows no sign
of male energy.I
wish I could show off a strong body while swimming
in front of my girlfriend. I wish I could be
proud of my healthy body while whispering words
of love to her at the beach in summer. Never.
These things can never happen to me. It should
be clear why I am lonely in summer.Moreover,
what fans my loneliness is the sight of women's
sexy dresses in summer. I already feel small,
but then must face fresh bodies of women, who
proudly pass me by in their skimpy clothes.
The sight of their exposed breasts and thighs,
- and especially the dazzling sight of their
fingernails painted red and toenails painted
blue - leaves me even more helpless and forlorn.
One does not need to quote such a grand philosophy
as existentialism to explain loneliness. Loneliness
is a simple result of man's failure to expresss
his sex urge. The lonely feeling will creep
upon him when a man helplessly catches sight
of a woman who is gorgeous looking and sensually
dressed.This
is particularly true of me since I work in a
university. Surrounded by the fresh look and
lively expression of young students, I cannot
resist my envy of them. Youth makes everything
beautiful. Young coeds do not look poor even
in the cheap dress that they bought for Won
1000 on the street. How sweet it is to look
at the coeds scampering around in cheap earrings
and bracelets that they bought for won 500 or
won 1000 from a street cart. Such a sight matches
well with fresh green grass of the summer campus.
In fact, I am not that old, but when I look
at them, I feel as if I had already grown hopelessly
old and desperately long for the days when I
was younger.Now
I am too old, too skinny and have too little
energy to make love. Each time summer comes,
I am stripped of all my energy and I barely
sustain my fragile body on such health foods
as ginseng or ginseng chicken soup. Actually,
summer should be more properly called 'season
which never suits me'.
AN
UNFORGETTABLE WOMAN
A
poet, Park In-Hwan, sang in his poem, 'When
time passes by': 'Now my memory has forsaken
her name. But, her eyes and her lips still stay
in my heart.' The older I grow, the closer to
my heart that song becomes. when I heard the
song in my early twenties, I passed it off as
a meaningless popular song of a common kind.
I have since met one woman after another,and
experiencde the essence of love in my own way.Now
the meaning of the song being to ring true in
my heart.Many
people seek the essence of love from the name
rather than the lips or the eyes.Lips
or the eyes are a symbol of physical love,and
the name stands for mental love. Driven by instinct,man
has monments of giving him-self in physical
love. Still,in one corner of his mind, he searches
for a woman who will salvate his soul and be
a partner to communicate with.But,time
will teach him that the world is not the place
to realize such romantic love.Then,he
begins to compromise between the two forms of
love,say,like a man sitting on the fence.He
adopts a compromise in which to do both a meantal
and physical love together.I
was also looking for spiritual love only to
find it a mere illusion that I pursued, and
I finally concluded that love is touch. This
really holds when I recall my girlfriends from
the past. I try all in vain to remember all
the dialogs are compltely erased fom my memory.
What remains vivid is the sweet sense of the
touch that I had wheen I first held her hands
and kissed her on the cheek. I have for-gotten
her name,but still remember her sexual lips,long
limpid fingernails, and perfume.A
woman whom I can never forget is `K',who grew
her fingernails incredibly long.From
my childhood, I was crazy about long fingernails.
Even properly long ones did not meet my satisfaction.They
should be long,long to the point of being bent
down. If they are manicured with grotesque colors
like black or blue,they would be much better.My
heart would nearly stop beating to see a woman
with such fingernails.If I had seen such long
fingernails,I would have fallen into a trance.But,in
reality,Icould not easily find a woman who grew
her fingernailds long enough.It was thus only
in my imagination that I longed for such a woman.Then,even
though belatedly,`K'apperared to me.What
made it even better was the fact that`K'herself
heartily loved her own fingernails. If a woman
raises her fingernails simply to show them to
others,she will soon have a limit to the length.But,in
`K's case,it was out if her own narcissism that
she grew them long and long endlessly,which
even more pleased my aesthetic standards. When
I met her,I needed nothing else but her fingernails
with little need of talk any way.She was a type
of few words, and threw herself into my arms
with-out words as if she were a solid object.But,even
then,I was still confused and may have believed
that love should also have a bit of something
spiritual.One day she left suddenly,obviously
because of me. I realize that I must have begun
to burst out with complaints about her.`Fingernails
are not enough.I want something spiritual that
would bind us together even stronger.' I was
murmuring in my mind like a fool. And she may
have read my mind.Time
has passed,and I,now a man of nearly 40,still
long for`K'. I only miss her.And her fingernails.
Now I have reached conclusion that love needs
no mental dimension.Love needs no sharing views
about life and things.Neither do we need to
whisper any sweet talk of love.Love is an ecstasy
of pleasure that one feels when he touches one
beautiful part of her body that he likes.Even
at the moment of writing this essay,the ghostly
appearance of her fingernails which were as
long as four centimeters is lingering around.
TO
THE ROSE INN
When
I am with you,
I
hate to just talk.
I
even loathe to pretend
To
be a noble speaker.
Love
is touch,
Love
is feeling.
Let`s
go to the Rose Inn.
When
I am with you,
I
hate to dine in a fancy restaurant
And
to drive in a fancy car
With
my empty in a moment
And
becomes eternity
I
only love body language without a word.
Let's
go to the Rose Inn.
When
you are with me,
You
love to talk about
Philosophy,Life
and Religion.
You
even worry about the world
As
if it is your fate.
Your
coffee is Choice,symphony is Karajan.
I
am dying to kiss your lips
But
O,my love only wants to talk.
Let's
go to the Rose Inn.
When
I am with you,
I
hate slow dance.
I
even loathe disco.
I
want to smell your feet
To
be intoxicated by that smell.
I
also want to comb your long hair.
I
want to paint your sharp fingernails
With
different colors.
Let's
go to the Rose Inn.
ENNUI
If
not sick,I get borde.
If
no wars,
There
isn't peace but boredom.
After
hardships,
There
isn't joy but boredom.
After
love,
There
isn't marriage but boredom.
There
is no ecstasy.
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